Clean A Slide Projector Zoom Lens

Keep your slide projector's zoom lens clean for best viewing results.

When you were taking pictures with a camera that was loaded with slide film, you probably took great care to ensure the camera was functioning properly and your lens was clean. You may have even stored your 35mm color slides in protective archival pages, making sure the slides were protected from dust and debris. You may have taken all these precautions in shooting and storing your 35mm slides, but if you don't keep the lens clean on your slide projector, you won't be viewing your slides the best they can be seen.

Instructions

1. Unplug you slide projector, and if you have been viewing slides on it, allow the projector and zoom lens to cool down before cleaning.

2. Use a lens blower brush or a can of compressed air to remove any loose dirt from the front of the lens. If using compressed air, do not hold the can too close to the lens. The intensity of the air being released may drive the dirt or debris further into the lens, making it difficult to get out. Some zoom lenses can be completely removed from the slide projector by rotating the focus knob on the projector until the lens is fully extended. At this point, there may be a small lever or button holding the lens in place. Press the lever or button while cradling the lens with your other hand, and carefully remove the lens from the projector. Repeat the initial cleaning process on the rear of the lens.

3. Moisten a cotton swab with a small amount of lens cleaning fluid. The swab should be moist but not dripping wet. Do not apply the fluid directly to the lens.

4. Clean the lens by starting in the center of the lens and gradually moving the cotton swab to the edges in a circular motion.

5. Use a microfiber lens cloth to remove any residual moisture on the lens.

6. Replace the lens in the slide projector and secure a lens cap to the front of the lens to protect it and prevent any dirt or dust from collecting on the lens.

Tags: slide projector, lens clean, cotton swab, front lens, lens Clean

The Best Gifts For Grandma

Finding a gift for grandma is easier than you think.

One of the most important people in everyone's life is their grandmother. Not everyone lives within a close distance of their grandmother, which means that visits are few and far between. When holidays and birthdays come around, it becomes even more important to get that special person in your life the perfect gift. Have you ever been stumped as to what grandma might actually enjoy? What does she have? What does she need? There are some gifts that can make any grandmother smile, and hopefully these tips will help you narrow down your options.

Photo Collages

Whether it is a scrapbook or a collage, grandmothers love photographs. Creating an album is also a great way to personalize a gift and show grandma it's coming from the heart. Photo albums range anywhere from $10 to $30, if you want to get fancy, but are completely customizable to any grandma's taste. You can either print photographs from a photo printer in your own home or order prints from your local drug store for a few dollars. Pick out photos that will bring up memories that both you and grandma can reminisce over together.

Baked Goods

Grandma has been baking goods for your family for years. Now it's your turn. Do some interrogating and find out what grandma's favorite baked good is. Then try your hand at cooking something special. If you're confident that your grandma will love any of your cooking, feel free to explore new recipes and bake something is sure to receive rave reviews. Cookies and cupcakes are a perfect treat for any grandmother, but cakes and pies are just as suitable for anyone who wants to go the extra mile.

Clothing items

Clothing may seem like a gift that could go wrong for any teenager or picky aunt, but for grandmothers, it's a gift that will be greatly appreciated. Sweaters are ideal for any grandmother, along with long coats or decorative blouses. Grandmas have a particularly fond taste for anything that is colorful or unique (lined with sequins or lace), which will make shopping for your gift even more exciting. Remember, though: no matter how confident you are in your gift, always save the receipt. This is the risk you will run when you buy anyone a clothing item.

Tags: even more, gift that, that will, their grandmother, What does

Clean A Cd Using Rubbing Alcohol

Remove dust from a CD before using rubbing alcohol.

A CD requires proper handling to ensure the disc plays correctly. When oil from fingerprints, dust, or other particulate matter build up on the CD, it may skip when played. If left uncleaned, the CD may become permanently damaged and no longer play at all. Employing correct cleaning methods, and the proper use of rubbing alcohol, help to keep a CD in good or even "like new" condition.

Instructions

1. Hold the CD with your thumb wedged slightly into the hole in the middle and your fingers on the rim.

2. Remove dust from the CD with compressed air. Position the nozzle of the compressed air can 6 inches from the CD, and blow the dust from the CD using quick bursts of air.

3. Wipe the CD with a microfiber cloth to remove oils. Starting at the inside rim, wipe to the outside rim going against the grain. Avoid wiping in a circular pattern, around the CD.

4. Moisten a cotton ball with one part water and one part rubbing alcohol. Wipe the cotton ball over the CD in the same manner as you did the microfiber cloth. Rub gently to remove any stains on the CD. Set the CD on the microfiber towel to dry before placing back into the CD case.

Tags: dust from, cotton ball, microfiber cloth, Remove dust, Remove dust from

Canon Rebel Flash Controls Tutorial

The Canon Rebel's flash feature allows its user to photograph subjects in indoor environments, environments with low light, and when backlighting is problematic. Part of correctly knowing use the flash feature is knowing when to use the flash. It is also important to understand that the flash has a limited range so that its user can compensate for distance. Finally, red-eye produced by the flash can be effectively minimized with the Canon Rebel's red-eye reduction feature.

Using the Flash

The flash should be used indoors, in low light, or when faced with backlight conditions. "Backlight" occurs when the source of light is behind the object to be photographed. Backlighting will cause the camera to reduce its exposure time, thereby rendering the desired object into a near-silhouette. Using the flash in backlit situations will illuminate the desired object, making it clear. To use the flash, first open it by pressing the flash button on the face of the camera next to the lens. The flash button is designated by a lightning bolt symbol. Press the shutter button down halfway, then wait for the lighting bolt symbol in the viewfinder to illuminate. Press the shutter button down completely. The flash will fire and the camera will take the picture.

Flash's Range

The camera's flash is only effective for a limited distance. The effectiveness is determined by the "film's" ISO speed and the distance between the camera and the object to be photographed. ISO speed refers to the amount of time which light must strike the film for the image to be captured. Although the Rebel is a digital camera, and therefore does not use film, ISO speed is still used by Canon as a reference. Common ISO speeds include 200, 400 and 800. The lower the ISO speed, the lower the flash's effectiveness. If the Rebel is equipped with a wide-angle lens (18 mm), the flash will only be effective for 17 feet with an ISO speed of 200, and 34 feet with an ISO speed of 800. If a telephoto lens is used (55 mm), the flash's effectiveness diminishes because the lens does not allow as much light to reach the "film" as with a wide angle lens. For example, with an ISO speed of 200, the flash will only be effective for 11 feet with the telephoto lens. With an ISO speed of 800, the flash will only be effective for 22 feet.

Reducing Red-Eye

"Red-eye" is used to describe a condition in which the pupils of people and animals in a photograph are red. Red-eye occurs if the flash is too close to the subject; the light produced by the flash enters the eyes and is then reflected into the camera's lens. The Canon Rebel has a red-eye reduction feature that can minimize and sometimes eliminate red-eye. To activate red-eye reduction, first press the "Menu" button above the LCD display. Use the arrow buttons to the right of the LCD display to move the cursor to the "Red-eye On/Off" tab which appears on the display. Press the "Set" button in the middle of the arrow buttons to turn the red-eye reduction feature on, then use the flash as you normally would.

Tags: Canon Rebel, flash will, only effective, red-eye reduction, effective feet, feet with

Explanation Of Scrim

A scrim is defined as a lightweight, loose-weave fabric, typically made from a natural blend like cotton. While sewing enthusiasts apply this term to any type of fabric with a low thread count, it has a number of more specific definitions in other industries.

Theater

Theaters use scrim for a number of purposes, like projections, reveal effects, secret entrances and various backdrops. Specific theater scrim types include Sharkstooth, Chameleon, Leno and Bobbinette. Each type has a unique weave design that makes it best suited for its designated purpose.

Building

Scrims are also used to help support materials like carpet and roofing. These scrims are often made from polyester fibers that are chemically bonded instead of woven together like typical fabric. The chemical bonding provides added durability, making these products resistant to wear and tear.

Crafting

Crafters use scrim for a variety of needlework or latch hook projects. Scrim is also used in the production of certain curtains, articles of clothing and other items made from fabric.

Substitutes

In theatrical productions, cheesecloth or studio cloth can often serve as a substitute for scrim. These less expensive options work well for low-budget theater projects.

Tags: made from, also used

Troubleshoot Your Own Cctv Surveillance System

Outside CCTV cameras can fail from temperature extremes.

CCTV, or closed circuit television, surveillance systems are used to monitor sensitive areas where it is important to know what activity is happening. The systems are complex electronic devices which often require specialized tools and equipment to understand what is going on between the components. However, troubleshooting, or checking the critical parts of the camera, the connection between the camera and the system, the recorder and the software, often narrows down the problem.

Instructions

1. Check the power to the camera. Ensure that the batteries are fresh if it requires them, or check that the electrical hookup is functional. Clean the lens for damage and ensure that nothing is blocking its view. Move the camera to another system and see if it works on that system. If it does, then the problem is somewhere other than the camera.

2. Check the cable for kinks or tears. Remove the camera and system cable connection and reconnect each end to see if that clears up the problem. Change the cable out for another one and check what happens. Use the current cable between the system and a camera somewhere else to see if the cable works properly there. If using a wireless system, recheck the settings in the software to see if they have changed or that the system is "seeing" the camera. Add another wireless device that you know is working to the system and check if it connects properly.

3. Check the digital video recorder or computer to see if it is plugged in, turned on and working properly. Open the computer box and reseat the video card, along with the other peripherals such as the hard drive and RAM. A digital video recorder is a closed box that will not let you check the insides, but look for any damage to the outside that may be causing problems. A dent or other scuff may indicate a hard blow that jarred something loose inside or damaged a component. Connect the computer or DVR to a cable and camera that you know is working to see what happens.

4. Check the software to see if any changes were made, or if it has become corrupt. Reinstall the software using the backup disk for a computer and reenter the correct parameters and information.

Tags: camera another, camera system, digital video, digital video recorder, know working, that know

Information On The Camera Obscura

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Camera obscura" is a Latin term that translates as "dark room." A camera obscura is exactly that: a small room or chamber that is kept completely dark except for a single small hole on one end. When light enters this hole, the action taking place outside the chamber is projected on the far wall, inverted but with perspective and color still intact. The camera obscura acted as a direct precursor to the photographic camera.

History

Aristotle is credited as being the first to conceptualize the camera obscura as far back as 300 B.C. However, Ibn al-Haytham, a 10th century scholar and mathematician from what is now known as Iraq, is credited with first conducting the experiments that led to the invention of the camera obscura. The device was not utilized as an artists' aid until Roger Bacon did so in the 13th century.

Technology

Camera obscuras can be made in a variety of sizes from a portable box or pinhole camera to one that is the size of a room. As light passes through the hole in the box or wall, it is projected onto the far wall in an inverted state. The technology behind them is quite simple and mimics how light enters the human eye---into the iris, through the lens and against the retina. The sharpest image is projected when the hole's diameter is 1/100th of the distance of the hole to the far wall of the device.

Correcting the Inverted Image

While the camera obscura was the precursor to modern photography, it also was used as an aid for artists because it allowed them to trace their images on paper before painting them. However, many artists found the backward and upside-down image unsatisfactory. To remedy this, the plain hole was replaced by a glass lens and the lens was turned 45-degrees upward. A mirror would be placed to catch the light from the lens, and it then would be bounced, right-side-up, down to the surface below.

Other Uses

Though the camera obscura is known primarily through its use in photography and art, its technology has been used in a variety of other ways. It was used by early astronomers to discover the direction light travels. Later, the camera obscura was employed to aid in the observation of eclipses and sunspots. The British military used it in World War I and World War II to test the accuracy of bomb simulations, wind velocity and pilots' flying ability.

Camera Obscura Today

Because of advances in technology, the camera obscura is no longer widely used for photographic or artistic use. Though fewer than a dozen camera obscuras exist today in the United States, they still remain popular tourist attractions and are open to the public in cities like San Francisco; Los Angeles; New York City; Rochester, N.Y.; Portland, Maine; and Baltimore.

Tags: camera obscura, Camera Obscura, hole wall, light enters, wall inverted

Spoof A Caller Id

Caller identification spoofing is an electronic practice, originally developed by telephone hackers known as "phreaks," that dates back as far as caller ID service itself. Because the Caller ID service relies on audible, in-band signals, a properly equipped computer and connected telephone can emulate the caller ID signal to cause spurious entries on a caller ID display device.

Instructions

1. Download the Software Orange Box. There are a number of Caller ID spoofing software packages available both commercially and for free, but the Software Orange Box is a stable application that does not come bundled with viruses, spyware or other computer malware. The Software Orange Box (S.O.B. Caller ID Generator) can be downloaded from reputable sources like SourceForge or from the link at the bottom of this article.

2. Configure the Software Orange Box to work with your computer. To interface with the telephone line, the Software Orange Box needs to communicate with your computer's sound card. There is no formal installation process, but you may want to click the "Format" button and experiment with the software options to find the one that works best with your computer.

3. Populate the Software Orange Box with the information you want to display. In the software display, enter the telephone number you want displayed in the "Number" field and the name you want displayed in the "Name" field. Do not use any special characters such as asterisks, as some caller ID boxes may not be able to properly interpret these symbols.

4. Make a call to (or wait for a call from) someone who subscribes to caller ID service. In order to spoof caller ID information, you will need an active connection to a caller ID customer. Note that, due to their out-of-band signaling, caller ID spoofing does not work with mobile or cellular telephone.

5. During the conversation, press the "Play" button on the Software Orange Box. Pressing the "Play" button will cause the Software Orange Box to emulate caller ID data, sending the information you entered into the program to the other party's caller ID display box.

Tags: Software Orange, with your, with your computer, your computer, caller display, caller service

Choose Photographic Paper

Choosing between types and brands of print paper can be confusing, but it's an integral part of the printing process.

Instructions

1. Decide on the paper size. Photographic print paper comes in a range of standard sizes from 3 1/2 by 5 inches to 16 by 20 inches and larger.

2. Consider the type of finish you want. Matte, semimatte, pearl, luster and glossy are some of the most common. Matte prints feature extremely low reflectivity while glossy prints are highly reflective, giving the impression of greater detail and richer contrast.

3. Choose between single- and double-weight paper, which refers to the thickness of the paper. Double-weight paper is typically easier to handle, process and mount.

4. Choose between fiber-based and resin-coated paper when printing in black and white; fiber-based paper is not available in color print paper. Although developing resin-coated paper takes a much shorter time, fiber-based paper produces richer dark shadow tones, the final print is easier to touch-up and it produces better results when bleaching and toning.

5. Select a grade of paper. Variable-contrast papers, which are used with graded filters, deliver the most flexibility. However, papers come in single grades from 0, or soft contrast, to 5, or hard contrast. Color paper comes in a more limited range, usually general purpose, low-contrast and sometimes high-contrast grades.

6. Pick paper made with bromide emulsion to achieve a cold tone in which blacks have a blue cast or chlorobromide emulsion paper for a warm tone in which blacks have a brown cast.

Tags: print paper, blacks have, Choose between, fiber-based paper, paper comes

Use Internet Explorer Mobile On A Pocketpc

One of the most attractive features of a PocketPC is its ability to access the Internet. This is very useful when finding information, accessing emails or just browsing different Web sites. The Internet Explorer Mobile for a PocketPC resembles the same application for a personal computer. Follow these steps to learn use Internet Explorer Mobile on a PocketPC.

Instructions

1. Access the Internet through an ISP or network. This can be done quickly with a wireless card or a Bluetooth device.

2. Touch the Start menu on the screen with your stylus. Select the Internet Explorer program by tapping its icon in the Start menu.

3. Remember to type in a Web address. You can also click on the Favorites icon to access your favorite sites.

4. Use the ActiveSync program to synchronize favorites from your personal computer to your PocketPC. All the Web sites in the Mobile Favorites folder on your computer will be transferred to your PocketPC, and will be stored in the Favorites folder.

Tags: Internet Explorer, Explorer Mobile, Internet Explorer Mobile, Explorer Mobile PocketPC, Favorites folder, personal computer

Buy A Prepaid Cell Phone & Use An At&T Sim Card

In addition to its contract cell phones and plans, AT&T offers prepaid wireless options. An AT&T prepaid cell phone works like a contract cell phone; however, instead of paying a monthly bill, the customer adds minutes to the phone by purchasing a "top-up card." Another benefit of this program is that AT&T contract customers can purchase a prepaid cell phone and use it with their existing plan.

SIM Card

A SIM (subscriber identity module) card is used as an identification and storage device for GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) cell phones. An AT&T mobile phone needs an AT&T SIM card to operate: The phone will turn on without the card, but it won't be functional. A SIM card is tied to a particular mobile-phone number and allows that number to show up on caller ID when a call is made. SIM cards also store phone-book information, so phone numbers can be transferred from one phone to another, rather than having to be entered manually into the new phone.

Appearance

An AT&T SIM card looks like a very small chip -- like a memory card for a camera. New AT&T SIM cards are half blue and half white with an orange "3G" in the corner; the card's serial number is etched into the front. On most AT&T phones, the SIM card is found in the back, behind the battery.

One Difference

The only major difference between prepaid and contract AT&T cell phones is a single piece of information that's stored on the prepaid phone's SIM card-account balance: the amount of money the user has purchased through top-off cards. Because contracts specify a certain amount of minutes rather than a dollar amount, contract-phone SIM cards do not need to store this information.

Misconceptions

A common misconception about transferring a SIM card into a prepaid cell phone is that the card will work with any prepaid phone that operates on a SIM card. This, however, is not the case, says Alex Moy, an electronics team member at the Eden Prairie, Minn., Target store. AT&T---like most cell phone providers---"locks" its phones, or ties them specifically to their network so that other carriers' SIM cards will not work. The reason is that prepaid cell phones typically are discounted by the carrier to entice people to use its phone instead of the competition's, he says.

Benefits

A major benefit of transferring a SIM card to a new prepaid phone is that it automatically transfers the card's data---including caller-ID information and phone-book entries. The SIM card also activates the new phone when it is inserted, saving the user from having to do this. A final benefit is the savings prepaid phones provide to users. Prepaid AT&T cell phones typically are less expensive than contract phones, selling for between $20 and $50, Moy says, and they allow customers to continue using a phone without getting locked into another contract.

Tags: cell phones, cell phone, contract cell, phone that, prepaid cell

Fix A Refrigerator

Refrigerators are becoming more and more high-tech, just like everything else; however, there are still some repairs that the average homeowner can make, and parts that can be replaced by the owner.Referring to the instruction/installation manual can help you when making repairs or replacing parts. It should have a list of all parts with identifying information that can be used when ordering them. It can also give locations where the parts can be ordered.

Instructions

1. Remove any panels that may cover the coils at the bottom and on the back of the refrigerator, and vacuum the coils. Use a vacuum cleaner with an edging attachment to get in all the nooks and crannies. Do this on a regular basis.

2. Clean any covers that were removed for access to coils by either vacuuming them or wiping them with a damp cloth. Replace the covers.

3. To prevent cold air from escaping through cracks or gaps in the door, clean the rubber sealing gasket that runs around the refrigerator door often. Use a rag or sponge dampened with water and containing a mild soap to clean the gasket.

4. Continuing cold air leaks mean the gasket will need replacing. Check the instruction/installation manual for the information on the replacement gasket. Either order the replacement gasket from the manufacturer, or purchase one at a retail outlet if it exactly the same.

5. Once you have obtained the replacement gasket, turn the refrigerator controls to “Off.” This will prevent it from continuously running while you have the door open. While you’re at it, go ahead and either unscrew the light bulb enough so that it will go off, or place a piece of tape over the button so that the bulb will not be burning while you are working on the gasket.

6. Carefully remove the old gasket, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Remove any remaining pieces of gasket as well as any other dirt or foreign substance.

7. Install the new gasket, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Fit the gasket over the corners first, then smooth it down both sides, and on the top and bottom.

8. Close the door, and feel for cold air leaks. Also, visually check for any gaps or cracks.

9. Open the door, turn the refrigerator back on, and get the bulb to working again by either tightening it in the socket or releasing the button.

10. Malfunctioning ice makers become clogged with ice that cannot or has not dropped down into the holding bin. Lift the handle to stop the ice-making action, then use your hand to dislodge any stuck ice.

11. Continued malfunctioning of ice makers means that the pipe attaching the ice maker to the water line has become damaged in some way, or dislodged at either end. Obtain the necessary replacement pipe. (See Tips for further information.)

12. Turn off the water supply to the refrigerator, then carefully remove the old pipe. Following manufacturer’s instructions, replace the new pipe, turn the water back on, and check to see if the ice maker is working properly.

13. Replace a burnt-out light bulb by removing the old one, and taking it to an appliance store or other retail outlet that sells replacement parts for refrigerators. Purchase the new bulb, take it home, and install it in the fixture. (See Tips for more information)

Tags: manufacturer instructions, replacement gasket, cold leaks, following manufacturer instructions, gasket following, gasket following manufacturer, installation manual

Attach A Mirror To A Bike Helmet

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Some cyclists like to use small rearview mirrors that they attach to the sides of their helmets. It serves much the same function as a mirror on a car, allowing the bicyclist to look behind him for oncoming traffic without having to turn his head or take his eyes off the road in front of him. Most bike mirrors can be attached to helmets very easily.

Instructions

1. Examine your bike helmet for the place you want to attach the mirror. This should be somewhere the mirror can be clamped or glued, either to the left or the right of your eye. Double check the helmet against the mirror to make sure they are compatible.

2. Determine which side of the road traffic moves on. Generally speaking, bicyclists should move on the same side of the road as the traffic they are moving with: the right side in places like the United States and Canada, and the left side in places like Great Britain. Your mirror needs to go on the side of the helmet that best allows you to view the road behind you: the left side of the helmet if you drive on the right or the right side of the helmet if you drive on the left.

3. Decide whether you wish to use a clamp or glue to attach your mirror. Glue can be used to place a mirror anywhere on your helmet, though it is often less secure than a clamp. You can attach a clamp more sturdily, but it needs to fit in the right location on the helmet. Also, some mirrors cannot be unclamped once you attach them. If you want to use one mirror with more than one helmet, use a clamp and make sure you can detach it and reattach it as you will.

4. Clamp the mirror into position and tighten it into place if it uses a clamp. Make sure the clamp is firm and will not wobble or become detached while you are riding.

5. Apply glue to the mirror and attach it into the proper place on the helmet if it requires glue. Wait for the glue to dry and check to make sure that it is firmly in place and will not wobble or fall off.

6. Put the helmet on and position the mirror's stalk until you can see behind you through the mirror.

Tags: make sure, side helmet, helmet drive, left side, places like, right side, road traffic

Shoot Digital In Low Light Conditions Without A Flash

Shoot without a flash to create ambient-light photographs.

Whether your flash has malfunctioned or you're shooting in an area where flash photography is restricted, you can still create usable images. Shooting with available, or ambient, light makes low-light images resemble the actual conditions of the scene. The subject takes on the tone of the room and any colorcast from light sources, such as candles, lamps or stained-glass windows. Shoot in low-light conditions by increasing your camera's image sensor sensitivity, opening the aperture ring to a wide setting and stabilizing the camera.

Instructions

1. Turn your digital camera's power switch to "On."

2. Spin the command dial located on the top of the camera to the aperture priority shooting mode represented by "Av" or "A."

3. Rotate the selector dial located next to the shutter button to adjust the aperture setting. Choose the smallest number possible, which allows the most light into the camera.

4. Press the "Function" button located on the back of the camera. Scroll through the options using the directional pad to the right of the camera's LCD screen. Stop on the "ISO" setting and choose 3200 or 6400. Press "Set" or "OK" to save your choice.

5. Thread the screw mount tip of the tripod head plate into the corresponding hole on the base of the camera. Twist the tripod plate clockwise to tighten it onto the camera base. Click the plate and camera onto the top of the tripod.

6. Turn on the image stabilization or vibration reduction feature -- if your camera is so equipped -- by moving a toggle switch on the lens to the "On" position next to the icon of a vibrating hand.

7. Compose your picture. Press the shutter button gently, without bumping the tripod, to capture the image.

Tags: dial located, shutter button, your camera

The Specifications For Adobe Cs3

Adobe Creative Suite is the industry standard graphic design and multimedia software package. Version 3 of the program was launched after Adobe's purchase of Macromedia, which means it also incorporated Macromedia's Flash and Dreamweaver into the suite. Because the suite is such a large collection of programs, it was broken down into categories to target specific audiences, including a design standard and premium category, a web standard and premium category and a master collection consisting of all the programs in the creative suite lineup.

Master Collection for Windows

The master collection contains 16 programs, including Acrobat, After Effects, Dreamweaver, Encore, Flash, Illustrator, InDesign, Photoshop, Premiere Pro, Soundbooth, Onlocation, Ultra, Bridge, Device Central, Stock Photos and Version Cue.

The minimum main specifications for Windows are: Intel Pentium 4, Intel Centrino, Intel Xeon, Intel Core Duo (or compatible) processor (SSE2-enabled processor required for AMD systems);

Microsoft Windows XP with Service Pack 2, Windows Vista Home Premium, Business, Enterprise, or Ultimate (certified for 32-bit editions);

1GB of RAM or more recommended for DV; 2 GB of RAM or more recommended for HDV and HD; additional RAM is recommended when running multiple applications;

22 GB of available hard disk space to install all components (up to 1 GB of additional free space may be required during installation);

Dedicated 7200 RPM hard drive for DV and HDV editing; striped disk array storage (RAID 0) for HD, SCSI disk subsystem preferred;

1280 by 1024 monitor resolution with 32-bit video card; Some 3D features in Photoshop Extended require a DirectX 9 capable graphics card with at least 64 MB of VRAM; Adobe After Effects supported OpenGL 2.0 card (Nvidia recommended);

DVD-ROM drive.

Master Collection for Mac OS

The Mac program contains the same programs as the windows version.

The main specifications are as follows: Multi-core Intel processors required (Photoshop, Illustrator, Flash, After Effects also work on Power PC G4 or G5 processors);

Mac OS X v. 10.4.9;

1GB of RAM or more recommended for DV; 2 GB of RAM or more recommended for HDV and HD;

25.5 GB of available hard disk space to install all components (up to 1 GB of additional free space may be required during installation);

Dedicated 7200 RPM hard drive for DV and HDV editing; striped disk array storage (RAID 0) for HD, SCSI disk subsystem preferred;

1280 by 1024 monitor resolution with 32-bit video card; Adobe recommended graphics card for GPU-accelerated playback; For OpenGL support: OpenGL 1.4 capable graphics card with at least 64 MB of VRAM for some 3D features in Photoshop Extended; Adobe After Effects supported OpenGL 2.0 card (Nvidia recommended);

DVD-ROM drive.

Design Standard for Windows

The Design Standard package contains: Acrobat, Illustrator, InDesign, Photoshop, Bridge, Device Central, Stock Photos and Version Cue.

The main specifications are: Intel Pentium 4, Intel Centrino, Intel Xeon, Intel Core Duo (or compatible) processor;

Microsoft Windows XP with Service Pack 2, Windows Vista Home Premium, Business, Enterprise, or Ultimate (certified for 32-bit editions);

1GB of RAM or more recommended;

4GB of available hard disk space (additional free space required during installation);

1,024 by 768 minimum monitor resolution with 16-bit or greater video card;

DVD-ROM drive.

Design Standard for Mac

The package contains the same programs as Design Standard for Windows.

The main specifications are: PowerPC G4 or G5 or multi-core Intel processor;

Mac OS X v.10.4.8, Java Runtime Environment 1.5 required for Version Cue Server;

1GB of RAM or more recommended;

5.3GB of available hard disk space (additional free space required during installation);

1,024 by 768 minimum monitor resolution with 16-bit or greater video card;

DVD-ROM drive.

Tags: more recommended, additional free, additional free space, After Effects, available hard, available hard disk, disk space

Wire Up An Ac Amp Meter

An AC amp meter, also known as an ammeter, measures the electrical output of devices that run on alternating current. The meter face is equipped with a needle or digital readout to display electrical measurements. It also has control knobs to change the setting being measured. AC amp meters connect to an electrical device by using a pair of leads. One lead connects to positive and one negative. The leads are are typically equipped with alligator clips to connect to the circuit you wish to test.

Instructions

1. Switch off the power to the amp meter and the device you wish to connect it to.

2. Slide the setting switch on the amp meter to "AC current." Some meters let you switch between DC and AC current for testing.

3. Adjust the meter for the measurement you wish to make, such as the output in amperes, milliamperes or microamperes.

4. Press the clip open on the amp meter's red wire lead and attach to the positive terminal of your device. Connect the clip on the amp meter's black wire to the negative terminal.

5. Switch on the power to the device you are testing and to the AC amp meter to measure the output, which will appear on the meter's readout display.

Tags: equipped with, readout display, Switch power

Convert Tivo Series 2 To Use As Dvr

When a TiVo is not being used as a digital video recorder, it most likely does not have an active subscription. A TiVo that does not have a subscription won't be able to record programs, but can be used to perform "Trick Play" (pause, fast-forward, rewind live television). To use a Series2 TiVo as a DVR, a subscription to service allows the DVR to update its program guide so that users can schedule recordings. In addition to watching recorded programming, TiVo's connecting to the servers can also rent or buy programming from Amazon OnDemand and much more.

Instructions

1. Activate your TiVo at TiVo's website (See Resources). You will be required to enter the TiVo Service Number on the back of the unit into TiVo's online database; select a subscription plan and enter a credit card number for billing. You can also activate your TiVo by calling Customer Service at 877-367-8486 and selecting the "Activate Service" option.

2. Establish a connection between your TiVo Series2 and the TiVo servers via a phone jack or your wireless Internet network. Connecting the TiVo to a phone line requires plugging a phone jack into the back of the Series2 and running the phone jack into the phone's wall jack.

If you're connecting the TiVo Series2 to the Internet, you need a TiVo Wireless Adapter and wireless Internet access. Plug the USB wireless adapter into the back of the TiVo and have your wireless network security codes handy for synchronization.

3. Turn on the TiVo. After the TiVo runs through its initial setup, it will enter "Guided Setup."

4. Enter your ZIP code when prompted. Then follow the setup to select your signal source (cable, satellite, etc). Then select whether you are connecting through your phone line or Internet on the "TiVo Service Connection" page. Enter any required security codes to allow your TiVo to connect via phone line or Internet.

5. Allow the TiVo to finish programming. When it is done, you can schedule recordings from the program guide or set up Season Passes using the Season Pass manager in TiVo Central.

Tags: your TiVo, phone jack, phone line, does have, into back

Print From An Iphone

Have you ever wanted to set up your Apple iPhone so that you can print from it? Though there is presently no way to print directly from your Apple iPhone, there are some programs which can help you do it. After you've downloaded and set up whichever one of them you choose, you can print your emails or even documents and photos from your Apple iPhone.

Instructions

1. Download the program ActivePrint 4.7 and then follow the instructions on set it up. You can't actually print from your Apple iPhone with this program, but it allows you to select whatever documents you wish to print through a host computer and then print them from your own.

2. Purchase a program called "Automatic Print Emailer" from its official Website. This program automatically prints all the email from whatever web based or pop accessible email account you use. Set up on your Apple iPhone to use this program, and then enable "POP" from your email settings. After you've done that, set up the program to check and print your email messages and attachments automatically.

3. Buy PrintPocketCE from its official website. This program prints documents, spreadsheets, and email from your Apple iPhone or any PDA. You need to have a printer which is compatible with this program. There is a list on the website so that you can find out if your printer is compatible before you purchase this program.

4. Download the trial version of Print Tools for Outlook, which is a program that automatically prints incoming and outgoing messages (even those with attachments) from your Apple iPhone if you use Microsoft Outlook to send and receive email.

Tags: Apple iPhone, from your, your Apple, your Apple iPhone, from your Apple

Charge A Canon Camera

Canon is not only a leader in printing. It is also a juggernaut in the camera industry as well. Its high resolution, clear pictures, and ease of use, make Canon one of the most popular camera brands in the world. Simply recharge your camera before your adventure and create a picture that is worth a thousand words.

Instructions

Using a Recargeable Battery Kit

1. Buy a rechargeable battery and charger kit that is specific to your model. One kit in particular is the Canon CBK4-300, which is designed for the Canon Power Shot.

2. Insert the rechargeable batteries into the designated slots of the kit. Slide the power plug from out of the kit and plug into an outlet. The batteries will be fully charged when the light on the kit turns green. This could take several hours depending on the life of the batteries.

3. Hold the camera so that the bottom is facing up. Using your finger nail, slide the round knob beside "BATT.OPEN" to the right. Lift and pull on the battery cover while keeping the knob in this position. Remove the battery cover.

4. Remove the batteries from the charger kit and insert into the camera. Close the battery cover so that it clicks back into place.

Using an AC Power Adapter

5. Insert one end of the adapter into the camera. Push it in all the way until it clicks.

6. Plug the power plug of the adapter into an outlet.

7. Turn on the camera. Check the screen of the camera. It will be charged once the bars of the battery icon are full.

Tags: battery cover, adapter into, into camera, into outlet, power plug

Troubleshoot A Sirius Sportster

The Sirius Sportster is an easy-to-install Sirius Satellite Radio device for the car. Paired with a universal docking kit, this unit provides color navigation through your favorite Sirius channels and allows you to save them as presets. If you are having trouble with your Sirius Sportster, there are a few quick troubleshooting steps to try before looking to Sirius technical support.

Instructions

1. Check to ensure the power cable to the Sirius Sportster is connected properly. If the unit will not power on, it's likely the cable has become disconnected. If the unit is connected correctly, check the fuse box in your car, as one of the fuses may be blown.

2. Check the antenna connection. The antenna cord should be plugged into the "Antenna" port on your Sirius Sportster dock -- if it is disconnected you will be unable to acquire a signal.

3. Move your vehicle away from possible signal obstacles. Sirius Satellite Radio often is not available if you are under an overpass or bridge, or surrounded by trees or buildings.

4. Tune your FM radio to the same frequency as the Sirius Sportster. If the radio is tuned to the incorrect channel, you will be unable to hear anything streaming through the device.

Tags: Sirius Sportster, Satellite Radio, Sirius Satellite, Sirius Satellite Radio, will unable

Test Cam Sensors With An Ohmmeter

Ohmmeters are used to measure the resistance of circuits and the currents that run through them. These devices are used to detect faulty circuits which could cause malfunctioning of equipment hooked up to them. When you are testing a cam sensor, check your car owner's manual for the acceptable resistance measurements for your specific model. Different car models have different acceptable levels for their cam sensor. Make sure the car is turned off before you test the cam sensor to avoid the risk of an electric shock.

Instructions

1. Zero the ohmmeter by either pressing the center zeroing button or by touching the red and black probes to each other. The ohmmeter should read 0.

2. Connect the red probe to the positive terminal of the cam sensor, and the black probe to the negative terminal. Both terminals should be marked with a plus sign for the positive terminal and a negative sign for the negative terminal.

3. Observe the reading on the ohmmeter, then detach the probes. Cam sensors with faulty resistance measurements should be replaced.

Tags: negative terminal, positive terminal, resistance measurements

Difference Between Audio & Video Cables

There are many types of audio and video cables that have fallen in and out of use as technology has progressed. There are familiar cables found in every home theater and computer setup, while others are strictly for professionals.

Composite

Composite video cables transfer luminance and chrominance--light and color--over an analog signal, and were the standard cables connecting a TV to a VCR, video game console or computer in the 1980s. A composite cable is usually accompanied by two audio cables for stereo sound.

Component

Component cables split a video signal into multiple parts over three cables. The three cables transfer uncompressed signals to provide higher resolution video. Audio is separate.

HDMI

The HDMI standard was developed to handle digital audio and video in one cable. HDMI cables provide enough bandwidth for high-definition audio and video, and modern HDMI cables also support Ethernet for networking.

Optical

Optical cables contain hair-thin fibers of glass or plastic that transfer digital audio signals through light. The cables are lightweight, use little energy and are non-flammable. Optical cables are less durable than other audio cables.

Multichannel Audio

Multichannel audio cables transfer multiple audio signals for surround sound. Each cable in the group leads to its own speaker to deliver a different audio channel. By splitting the audio into separate channels, high-quality signals are transferred for output.

XLR

XLR cables are used in professional audio and video work. The cables are thick, heavy and transfer uncompressed line-level signals while protecting signals from corruption and degradation.

Tags: audio cables, audio video, cables transfer, audio signals, digital audio, HDMI cables, Optical cables

The Best Math Apps For The Itouch

The iPod Touch is a personal data assistant and media player distributed by Apple.

In these days of ubiquitous cell phones, PDAs and other small electronics, games and applications are a powerful and compelling way to learn and practice basic math skills. Although there are many mathematics-related applications available for the iPod Touch, lots of them are glorified calculators with limited functionality. However, several good free options are also available.

IFormulas

Simple and straightforward, iFormulas is a reference app that includes over 330 formulas, definitions and other tools needed to complete higher-level math problems. Its area of expertise ranges from algebra to geometry to calculus.

Number Line

Number Line is a simple game that helps students learn fractions and decimals. Players move through progressively harder levels by placing a series of numbers in the right order on a line. Number Line was developed by a doctoral student at Virginia Tech, and is the winner of the Virginia Mobile Learning Apps Development Challenge.

Basic Math

For elementary school-age students or anyone looking to brush up on their basic math skills, Basic Math is a drilling application that presents players with addition, multiplication, subtraction and division problems in various levels of difficulty. There is also an optional timer for those looking to compete against the clock.

Quick Graph

Quick Graph is a high-capability graphing calculator application that takes advantage of the iPod Touch's powerful graphics capabilities to create stunning and detailed graphs. The simplicity of editing graphs and equations make Quick Graph a must-have for those taking high-level college math courses.

Math Tutor and Math Tutor Lite

Like Basic Math, Math Tutor is a drilling app for those learning or brushing up on their addition, subtraction and other basic math skills. It comes in a 99-cents full version or a limited-capability free version called Math Tutor Lite.

Tags: Math Tutor, basic math, basic math skills, iPod Touch, math skills, Number Line, Quick Graph

Upload Photos From An Insignia Camera

Insignia manufactures a wide range of compact, point-and-shoot digital cameras. The features of each camera differ slightly from model to model, but the process of transferring photos from the camera to your PC remains the same. All Insignia cameras come with the things you need to do this: a USB cable (for the most straightforward transferal) and camera-specific software that includes a driver for the camera and a program for viewing and editing files.

Instructions

1. Insert the provided CD-ROM disk into your computer. The disk will auto-run. Follow the onscreen prompts to install the camera's software and the digital "User's Guide," which has instructions for advanced photography.

2. Create folders on your computer to store your photos in. It's best to organize your photos to quickly find a specific shot later for printing or sharing. Create a "Photos" folder on your hard drive, and make sub-folders within it for each year and month. Try to transfer your pictures to your PC at least once a month to keep items uncluttered.

3. Attach the camera to your PC using the provided USB cable. The cable plugs into the camera on the bottom, beside the battery bay. Each end of the cable has a different connector, so it's impossible to plug it in the wrong way. Attach the PC end of the computer into an available USB port (use a USB 2.0 port, if available, to speed up transfers).

4. Turn on the camera. Depending on your operating system, a few things can happen. Windows should display a window saying "Found new hardware" and should install the camera. Then a second window should appear, asking what you'd like to do with the files. Select "Transfer photos and video using Camera and Scanning Wizard." If the file transfer wizard does not appear, try Step 5. Select the photos you want to transfer by clicking the check box on each thumbnail image, or click "Select all" to copy all the photos. Then click "Next." Select a folder you created in Step 2 and click "Next." The wizard copies all of the selected files to the folder.

5. Click on "Start" and choose "My Computer." If the camera wizard didn't appear when you plugged in the camera, you can manually transfer files. Look on the left panel in "My Computer" for removable drives; your camera will appear here with a drive letter and "Insignia" beside it. Click on the drive and select all files, then copy them to one of the folders you created earlier.

Tags: camera your, click Next, install camera, your computer, your photos

Buy The Xm Radio Pioneer Inno

XM Radio introduced the Pioneer Inno to the market at the beginning of 2006. It plays live XM Satellite Radio content without needing your car or home receiver cradle. On top of that, the Inno can record up to 50 hours of programming. The first version could only handle five hours. The portable XM receiver also includes a MP3 playback. The Pioneer Inno runs between $200 and $400.

Instructions

1. Go online in search of an XM Radio Pioneer Inno. Many sites sell the device for about $200. You can also buy one at XM retailers.

2. Learn more about the Pioneer Inno. For instance, once you've recorded content onto the Pioneer Inno, you can organize it into playlists. You can add in WMA and MP3 files uploaded from your computer.

3. Become familiar with the device. The Inno has a bright 1.67-inch screen to display your content and playlists.

4. Find out which accessories come with the Inno. The home kit comes with an AC Power Adapter, RCA cable, travel power cable, USB cable, CD for installing XM + Napster, remote home dock, battery and earbuds.

5. Compare prices before buying. Some websites and stores offer rebates, discounts and sales which can bring the price down.

6. Check to make sure there's a return or exchange policy. This is helpful in case the Inno isn't what you're expecting.

Tags: Pioneer Inno, Radio Pioneer, Radio Pioneer Inno

Operate A Sirius Radio

Sirius Satellite Radio operates in the United States and Canada. The company provides radio service to more than 19.5 million subscribers. The company's radio channels feature streaming music without commercials. If you recently purchased a Sirius radio, learning operate the device properly will help you enjoy all of the benefits. The radio can be customized to suit your needs. Depending on the model of your Sirius radio, the steps may vary slightly.

Instructions

1. Change the Sirius radio's channel by pressing either the "Channel Up" or "Channel Down" button. The radio will tune to the next channel. The channel will be displayed on the radio's screen.

2. Choose a radio channel from a particular category by pressing either "Category" arrow. Press either the "Channel Up" or "Channel Down" button to scroll through the list of available channels. Highlight a channel and press the "Select" button to tune to that channel.

3. Preset a channel by tuning the radio to the channel you want to set. Press and hold the preset number button for at least one second to assign the channel. You will hear a tone and see confirmation on the radio's screen when the preset is successfully set.

4. Display your radio's ID number by pressing and holding the "FM Presets/Menu" button. The menu options for your radio will be displayed. Use the "Channel Up" or "Channel Down" button to highlight "Sirius ID." Press the "Select" button, and the ID will be displayed.

5. Change the Sirius radio's display options by pressing and holding the "FM Presets/Menu" button. Scroll down to "Settings" and click the "Select" button. Scroll to "Display Options" and select the display option you need to change. You can adjust either the brightness or contrast for the display. Press the "FM Presets/Menu" button to save your settings.

Tags: Channel Channel Down, Channel Down, Channel Down button, Down button, Menu button, Presets Menu

Create Natural Light For A Photography Studio

Natural light makes for great photography.

Natural light is superior to traditional studio lighting. Natural sunlight can be reflected from all directions, ensuring enough lighting from all side. Such lighting conditions usually make for an attractive photograph, as objects look more pleasing to the eye. Artificial light can look harsh, creating unwanted shadows and unbalanced light distribution. To create natural lighting conditions is to basically mimic what the sun does everyday by creating lots of diffused light coming from all directions. To create your own natural light in a photo studio requires light and the means to diffuse that light.

Instructions

1. Paint all the walls, ceiling and floor with white paint. Use this method to diffuse light and create a natural lighting environment, especially if you do not have any windows or skylights in the studio. Avoid a dark color that absorbs too much light rather than reflecting it. Don't use high-gloss paint, as this will create unnatural light reflection.

2. Set up your lights and diffusion screens, as well an an object you can observe through your camera to check the lighting conditions. Use good lights, even up to 1,000 or 1,500 watts, to light up the area around the object. Don't point the lights directly at the object but use the screens or a large piece of Styrofoam to deflect and diffuse the light. Move the screens and lights until the image looks balanced and well lit from all angles.

3. Take several photographs using different configurations and examine the results. Look at the image to find insufficiently lit areas. Change the positions of the lights and screens until you are satisfied with the lighting in the photographs.

4. Use an existing window or skylight to your advantage. Focus on lighting the background in order to balance the sunlight shining in on the subject. Use a white sheet or thin white curtain to diffuse direct sunlight.

5. Increase the amount of light by using reflectors made of silver or gold foil. Use the reflectors to generate more diffused light by positioning them in a way that the light is re-directed into a low lit area. Use this method to avoid shining the light directly at the subject.

Tags: lighting conditions, create natural, create natural lighting, diffuse light, diffused light, from directions, natural lighting

Recycle Sony Camera Batteries

Your camera battery is made of recyclable materials.

Recycling uncommon materials can seem challenging and even stressful to some people. Most recycling centers will accept common materials, such as glass, plastic, paper and cardboard. However, if you need to recycle something like the battery from your Sony camera, then you have a little more work ahead of you than just driving to your regular recycling center. Luckily, Sony makes this task a little easier with their Take Back Recycling Program.

Instructions

1. Find out what type of material your Sony camera battery is made of. In general, non-rechargeable camera batteries are made of lithium and rechargeable camera batteries are made of nickel-cadmium. Your camera most likely has rechargeable batteries.

2. Take your Sony camera battery to a Sony Style store near you. You can find the nearest Sony Style store using the store locator on the Sony website. At the store, you'll find a Sony GreenFill Recycle Drop Box in which you can deposit your battery.

3. Take your Sony camera battery to a retail location that is participating in the Sony Take Back Recycling program if you do not have a Sony Style store near you. You can find GreenFill program participants using the service center locator on the Sony website. Participating store locations will have a Sony GreenFill Recycle Drop Box.

4. Contact your local recycling center if you cannot find a Sony GreenFill Recycle Drop Box. Your local recycling center may be able to recycle your camera battery. Be sure to mention what material your battery is made from when asking if it's accepted and let the recycling service worker know the material when you drop off your battery.

Tags: camera battery, your Sony camera, your Sony, battery made, GreenFill Recycle

Microphone Transducer Types

Microphones can have a variety of transducer types. The transducer is the mechanism in the microphone that translates external sound into electronic signal. Some microphones need additional power and some do not. Each transducer has its own specific method of processing sound. Some microphone transducers are further sub-categorized --- but still under their basic transducer type.

Standard Dynamic Transducers

Dynamic microphone transducers handle high-pressure sounds. Usually, they are used on individualized recordings --- such as specific solo instruments and vocals. Dynamic microphone transducers contain three basic components: a diaphragm, magnet and voice coil. The voice coil is connected to the back of the diaphragm. As the pressure changes, the voice coil moves according to air pressure. They need no additional power. Dynamic microphone transducers are extremely sensitive and fragile. An overexerted air blast can completely disrupt the transducer.

They operate from the principle of a responsive wire in a stationary magnetic field. There are two primary sub-categories of dynamic microphone transducers: ribbon-coil and moving-coil.

Moving-Coil Transducers

Moving-coil microphone transducers' responsive wires are coils positioned within the stationary magnetic field, attached to the microphone's diaphragm. They are responsive to force of airflow. When the coil responds, voltage is generated within the magnetic field and sent through a transformer to the amplifier. The moving-coil transducer is a type of dynamic microphone transducer. Most moving-coil transducers are omnidirectional. That means that they can pick up sound from any direction --- unlike transducers that are bi-directional or uni-directional. There are design varieties for these microphones. Each one produces a different sound response.

Ribbon Transducers

Ribbon microphone transducers are also within a subcategory of dynamic microphone transducers. These have a electrically conductive ribbon between the magnetic poles of the transducer. Ribbon transducers cannot use an additional power source such as phantom power --- which would permanently destroy the ribbon. They are very sensitive to air blasts as well, which can permanently damage and distort it. Most ribbon microphones are bi-directional --- meaning they only pick up sound from two directions, generally front and back of the microphone.

Condenser Transducers

Condenser microphone transducers are also known as capacitor transducers. They are not a sub-category within the dynamic microphone transducer. These work on a different principle --- mostly needing an additional power source such as phantom power. One plate of the condenser is stretched and placed closely to another stretched plate. Constant voltage is applied, causing the plates' element to change. This causes a constant charge to flow between the two plates. Another form is additional power is the use of batteries --- if your microphone is battery-applicable.

Tags: microphone transducers, additional power, dynamic microphone, Dynamic microphone transducers, magnetic field, voice coil

Notarize A Last Will & Testament

Notarize a Last Will & Testament

One of the most important documents a person executes during the course of a lifetime is her last will and testament. Understanding the importance of a will, ensuring that the instrument properly is drafted, signed, witnessed and notarized is essentially. Although the laws vary slightly from state to state, the general guidelines associated with notarize a last will and testament essentially are the same in each U.S. jurisdiction.

Instructions

1. Obtain the original last will and testament.

2. Gather the individual who is to sign the will together with the proper number of witnesses. The number of individuals needed to witness a will signing varies from state to state. Typically the number of required witnesses is two to four.

3. Ensure that the person who is to sign the will and all witnesses understand the task at hand. A person cannot sign her will and no one can witness the execution who is not competent and who does not understand what is being done at a will signing.

4. Ask the individual signing the will to clearly state that he understands that he is executing his last will and testament, that he is aware of the contents, that he is signing the will of his own free will. Also have the signer note that he is not under the influence of any mind altering substance at the time of the signing.

5. Direct the individual who is executing her will to sign the document and then apply her initials to the bottom of each page of the last will and testament.

6. Ask each witness to verify that the person signing the will is competent and understands what is contained in the will itself.

7. Instruct each witness to sign on a designated line at the end of the will document.

8. Apply the official notary stamp (or seal) at the end of the last will and testament.

9. Sign the document validating the signatures of the individual who signed the last will and testament and all witnesses.

Tags: last will, last will, last will testament, sign will, signing will, will testament, each witness

Use The Canon 430ex Flash For Bird Photography

Amateur photographers usually only rely on their flash units when their subject is otherwise too dark to be photographed. A more experienced photographer understands that a flash can be used in a variety of circumstances to enhance a photo, even when sufficient ambient light is available.

In bird photography, a Canon 430EX flash can be used as a fill flash to help compensate for an overly bright background or shadows on the bird or to add more light to a frame, which enables a photographer to use a faster shutter speed and freeze a fast-moving bird.

Instructions

1. Meter your ambient light. Most bird photography occurs outdoors during the day when there is plenty of ambient light available. However, the amount of ambient light varies depending on the time of day, the season, the weather and your particular location.

2. Consider the location of your bird. Birds on the ground or in the air have fewer things around them that could cause shadows, and you will not need a strong setting on your 430EX to compensate. Birds in trees, however, are likely sitting in the shadow of the tree, and you will need more fill flash to effectively capture them.

3. Choose either the "Automatic" or "Manual" mode on the backside of your Canon 430EX flash. In automatic mode, the flash can be configured to add only fill flash, but it may overexpose or underexpose your subject if your camera's metering looks at the wrong area of your frame. Manual mode will give you more control, but you will also need to continuously reconfigure your camera as you move between sun and shade.

4. Set your flash to 1 1/3 to tell it to underexpose by 1 1/3 stop of light. This will typically be sufficient for outdoor fill flash, but you may have to adjust up or down between 1/3 and 2/3 stops to find a good balance. Photographing a bird that is more distant will require a more powerful setting. Your Canon 430EX will automatically use the information provided to it by your camera to determine your subject's distance and adjust its power accordingly.

5. Position your flash head directly toward the bird. While bouncing flash or using diffuser heads might be ideal for portraiture, fill flash on distant objects requires unobstructed light.

Tags: fill flash, ambient light, your camera, 430EX flash, ambient light available, Canon 430EX, flash used

Synchronize An Iphone 3g

Smartphones function similarly to desktop computers in that they allow you to manage your productivity via calendars, email and task lists. Occasionally, your phone may crash or become damaged, causing you to lose phone numbers, messages and other stored data. You can ensure you keep track of vital information from your iPhone 3G by synchronizing data regularly. With iPhone 3G synchronization, contacts, emails, memos, and calendar information from your computer transfer to your phone so that you can access the information on the go.

Instructions

1. Insert the iPhone USB cable into the computer and attach the opposite end to the bottom of your iPhone.

2. Unlock your iPhone if synchronization does not begin within 30 seconds. Typically, the sync will begin immediately as the computer will detect an external device. ITunes will open to begin the sync.

3. Click "Yes" if prompted to install updates on your phone. These updates often help improve the functionality of your phone. Click on the name of your iPhone 3G device in the left menu pane to view the synchronization menu.

4. Click the categories you want to sync from the main menu. For example, you can opt to add new desktop email contacts to your phone or save space by leaving the information on your computer. Click "Sync" in the bottom right corner of the iTunes window on the computer once your preferences are set. Your iPhone 3G will sync using the preferences set in your main menu.

Tags: your phone, from your, information from, information from your, iPhone synchronization, main menu, your computer

Telephone Jack Work

The Jack

The telephone jack is nothing more than a connection system for telephone equipment. The jack itself is a small rectangular piece of plastic that is mounted to the wall and connected to the telephone plug. A telephone connects to the jack into the plug, and through this plug telephone service is received.

Connections

The telephone plug connects red and green wires to each jack in your home, and then to a telephone to the network box, usually located on the outside of the house or building. The green wire is common and the red wire supplies the voltage needed when calls are incoming or outgoing. The network box connects to an entrance bridge, usually near the road, with a pair of copper wires.

Switchboard

The entrance bridge connects to the local telephone network, and all calls are filtered through an electronic switchboard. When a call is made the switch can detect that the loop through the network has been completed and it sends out a dial tone. The dial tone is the signal that lets the user know that both the switch and phone are working. The switch lets you know when you have an incoming call by sending out a ringtone through the lines with a frequency of 20 Hz. The voltage used in a home depends on a variety of factors such as the loop length (how far is the call coming from), the number of ringers in a home, and the length of the ring.

Tags: dial tone, entrance bridge, plug telephone, telephone network, telephone plug

Know If My Portable Tv Has Digital Tuning

Digital TV

Since all television stations now broadcast solely in digital, you need to make sure your television can receive digital programming. Analog television requires the aid of a converter box; otherwise the set is essentially useless for watching television. The same is true for portable televisions. If your portable television does not have a digital tuner, you can't watch television on it and, unlike standard televisions, you can't easily attach a converter box.

Instructions

1. Power on your portable television in an area that has strong broadcast signals. This may be your home or any other location where you watch television. Adjust the portable television to different stations. If you receive any station at all, the television has a digital tuner.

2. Read the manual for your portable television. The manual will state whether the television has a digital tuner.

3. Determine when you purchased the television. All televisions made within the past few years have a digital tuner. However, if your portable television is 10 years old or older, it is most likely analog and doesn't have a digital tuner.

4. Open your Internet browser and go to the website of the manufacturer of your portable television. Search for your product to see if the site states if it has a digital tuner.

Tags: digital tuner, portable television, your portable, your portable television, have digital

Features On The Kodak 12 Digital Camera

There are many different Kodak cameras to choose from.

Choosing a digital camera can seem like a daunting task. There are so many manufacturers with different models, sizes, styles, colors and features. There are several Kodak cameras that have 12 megapixel resolution and a variety of different features to choose from. You are sure to find one that fits your specific needs.

Kodak EasyShare Z1285

The Kodak EasyShare Z1285 has 12 megapixels with 5x optical and digital zoom. It comes equipped with an auto focus feature, a 2.5 inch LCD screen display, and 64 megabytes of secure internal digital memory storage. You can also record movies with sound.

Kodak Easyshare V1273

The V1273 camera has 12 megapixel resolution, with 3x optical zoom and 5x digital zoom. There is a 3.0 inch high resolution LCD touch screen display and 32 MB of internal memory with the option to use a SDHC/SD card as well.

Kodak Z950

The Kodak Z950 camera has 12 megapixel resolution with 10x optical zoom. There is a Smart Capture auto-adjust feature built into this camera. It has a 3 inch LCD screen.

Kodak Easyshare M530

The Kodak Easyshare M530 digital camera has 12 megapixels with 3x optical zoom. The M530 has a Lithium ion battery, a 2.7 inch LCD display screen and one button Smart Capture/Smart Share uploading to use with your social networking services. Pictures are stored on any SD/SDHC memory card.

Kodak Easyshare M550

This digital camera has a 28 mm wide-angle lens that captures images with 5x optical zoom and 12 megapixels digital imaging. Like the M530, this camera also has a Lithium ion battery, 2.7 inch LCD display and one button Smart Capture/Smart Share uploading. This model also stores images on the SD/SDHC memory card of your choice.

Kodak Z980

This Kodak camera has a 24x wide-angle Schneider-Kreuznach Variogon optical zoom lens (26-624mm). It has 12 megapixel resolution, a 3.0 inch LCD screen and captures high definition (HD) photos in a 16:9 format. It has the one button Smart Capture/Smart Share uploading to use with your social networking services feature. You can also record HD videos.

Tags: optical zoom, with optical, Kodak Easyshare, megapixel resolution, Smart Capture, with optical zoom, button Smart

Techniques To Tilt Shift A Lens

Tilt-shift lenses allow photos to be taken that are not possible with other cameras.

A tilt-shift lens allows a camera user to redefine the depth of field in a camera. Given the tools provided in this specialized camera lens, the user can move the depth of field by angling the lens, which is not possible with a normal unit. Such benefits come in handy when photographing large objects such as buildings and desiring to keep their edges vertical. With a normal lens, images such as this would seem to angle inward, with the edges seeming to meet in the center somewhere above the photo image.

Shift Upward

The tilt-shift feature can be exercised by first aiming at an object to be photographed. Before taking the photo, the user turns a knob on the side of the lens to actuate the tilt feature. This raises the angle of the lens so that the focus is at the bottom of the lens rather than in the middle. The range stays the same, so the user doesn't need to move in or out. The effect allows greater photo coverage of the desired space. An example is a building from a distance. Left alone, you would get a photo of the building plus a lot of a ground. With the lens tilted upward, the building is at the bottom of the photo with a large sky.

Tilting Downward

Similar to the sky approach noted above, the tilt-shift lens can be angled downward as well. The same benefit is gained, now in the lower half of the photo. For example, when using this lens at the Grand Canyon, the focus in front can stay the same, but the user can capture the depth of the canyon opening up below in the bottom half of the photo. This gives a depth effect not possible with a normal lens unless the entire camera is pointed downward.

Still Life Effects

For studio photographs, the tilt-shift lens can provide the user the ability to take model or object photos dead on with a feeling of looking down or looking up at the object. The only other way to achieve this is to take a photo with a normal lens and crop the image for the desired off-focus effect. Doing so loses depth and image data. With the tilt-shift lens, loss is avoided entirely.

Aperture Tricks

Setting an aperture to a low value (wide setting) on a camera creates an effect where things in the background are fuzzy while the focus of the lens stays sharp. This approach produces interesting still life and portrait photos. Adding a tilt-shift lens to the mix allows the user to emphasize the depth even more, enhancing the aperture effect.

Tags: tilt-shift lens, normal lens, possible with, depth field, half photo, lens allows

Use A Sekonic Microleader Light Meter

Using your light meter.

If you are interested in taking professional-quality photographs, then you need to learn use a light meter, like a Sekonic Miro-Leader light meter. This is a small electronic device that takes a reading of all the light in the immediate area and helps you to determine the balance between natural light and how much flash you should use. The good news is that if you spend a few minutes with your Sekonic light meter, you should be able to figure out the basics of its operation.

Instructions

1. Press the circular power button on the front of the light meter to power on the unit.

2. Set the ISO setting on the light meter to match that of the film stock you are using. Do this by pressing the ISO button on the front of the unit while simultaneously turning the dial on the front of the unit until the ISO reading on screen matches that on your film stock label. ISO (International Standards Organization) is simply the measure of a film's light sensitivity. The lower the ISO, the grainer and duller the footage.

3. Press the "Mode" button on the front of the unit and simultaneously turning the dial to scroll through the various mode options. Select "Available Light" or 'Flash" depending on whether or not you will be using your camera's flash or natural light when shooting your subject.

4. Stand where you intend to shoot the photo and point the white dome on top of the meter to the light source. Press the large black "Activation" button on the side of the meter and the recommended shutter speed will appear on the light meter screen.

5. Manually set the shutter speed on your camera to the recommended speed displayed by the meter. You have now effectively used your Sekonic light meter.

Tags: light meter, button front, front unit, button front unit, film stock

Mount A Motorcycle

Mounting a motorcycle properly will help keep you and your passengers safe.

There is more to mounting or getting on a motorcycle than just throwing a leg over the seat. You should follow a pattern in mounting the motorcycle, both for ease of mounting it and for safety reasons. Learning a few basic techniques for both the operator and the passenger will insure your safety, and will create a much more pleasurable ride.

Instructions

Operator or Driver

1. Mount the motorcycle on the side away from the muffler. Most mufflers are on the right, so condition yourself to get on the motorcycle from the left side. If the motorcycle has exhaust down both sides, use caution so that you do not touch them. Even if the bike has not yet been ridden that day it is good practice to assume the mufflers are hot.

2. Reach out and hold both handgrips as you stand next to the motorcycle. Pull in the front brake lever to insure that the motorcycle does not roll. Hold the front brake lever while you are mounting the motorcycle.

3. Push the side stand up with your foot, just like you do on a bicycle. Some riders are more comfortable waiting until they have mounted the motorcycle to put the side stand up. This also applies if the bike is resting on a belly stand. With a belly stand, you will need to rock the motorcycle forward so that the belly stand folds up under it. Do not hold the brake if the motorcycle is on a belly stand, as it needs to roll forward slightly.

4. Keep the motorcycle standing upright as you mount it. Do not lean the bike towards you, as you may not be able to balance the weight as you mount it if it is leaning in either direction.

5. Holding firmly to the handle grips and front brake lever, keep your left foot firmly planted on the ground and swing your right leg out behind you and up and over the motorcycle seat. Place your right foot on the ground to settle into the seat and to make sure you have good balance on the motorcycle. Turn the key on and start the bike.

Passenger Mounting

6. Wait until the operator of the motorcycle is on the bike and completely in control of balancing it. Some motorcycle operators start the bike before the passenger mounts as a sign that they are ready.

7. Approach the motorcycle from the left side. Place your left hand on the rider's left shoulder. This will help balance you and will alert the rider that you are ready to get on.

8. Step your left foot onto the passenger foot peg. Use one single motion to stand on the left foot peg and swing your right leg out behind you and over the motorcycle seat and down to the right side foot peg. It will seem awkward, but will become smoother with practice.

9. Never attempt to help the motorcycle operator balance the bike by putting your feet to the ground as you get on. The operator should have total control of the balance.

10. Do not attempt to swing your right leg to the front of you as you get on. You may kick or jolt the operator causing them to lean or move suddenly. This could cause them to lose the balance of the motorcycle.

Tags: belly stand, your right, brake lever, front brake, front brake lever

Unlock A Restricted Cingular Phone

Unlocking restricted cellphones allows them to work again.

A restricted cell phone has a locked SIM card. A SIM card is a memory chip that connects the phone to the wireless provider's network. To unlock any phone, including those from Cingular, is a fairly simple few-step process. This process first requires permission of the original network provider and then a new SIM card from the next provider, if the phone is changing networks.

Instructions

1. Contact Cingular customer service. Tell them the phone is restricted. They will ask a series of questions about the phone to determine the contract its model number, last owner, etc. After Cingular has gathered enough information they will find the phone's IMEI number. This number identifies the particular phone, like a license plate on a car.

2. Remove the battery cover on the back of the phone. Near the battery is a smaller slot. Make sure this slot has a chip in it with Cingular's label. This is the SIM card. If there is no card and you wish to continue with Cingular's service, ask Cingular for a new SIM card; if switching services insert the SIM card of the new provider. Once a contract is entered with a new provider they'll ship their SIM card.

3. Restart the Cingular phone. It will detect the SIM card, old or new, and a message will appear on the screen saying the phone is restricted. The phone will request a code to cancel this restriction. This code is the phone's IMEI number. Enter the number. Now the phone will begin using the SIM card and function properly.

Tags: phone will, IMEI number, phone IMEI, phone IMEI number, phone restricted, with Cingular