Indoor photography is tricky and requires a lot of practice to get right. The combination of sunlight from windows and fluorescent or incandescent light from lamps and fixtures can create problems, but there are some basics that can improve success.
Mood Matters
If a subject being photographed is happy, the lighting should indicate this. Likewise, if the subject is distressed or forlorn, the light should show this as well.
Less Is More
It is better to have a picture come out a little too dark than a little too bright. An overly white image is harder to fix with photo editing software.
Effects
Red-eye is a dreaded effect of photography that can be overcome by doing something as simple as turning on more lights in the house.
Prevention/Solution
A subject standing in front of a window will always be back-lit and will look dark. To prevent this, have the subject stand in front of a wall instead.
Misconceptions
A small flash on a camera will typically not work more than a few feet away. Don't assume that a flash will work in a dark room on a subject that is 10 feet away.
Additional Lighting
A Gary Fong lightsphere attaches to a camera's flash and spreads the light throughout a room. This allows a more even lighting level when an indoor photo is taken.
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