Drain the water heater before attempting to access any of the components.
Black water and rust buildup in a heater not only looks grim, but it reduces the effectiveness of the unit significantly. The probable cause may be twofold. Lime buildup on the anode rod is common. As the lime forms, it breaks down the surface of the module and dissolves it into the water storage. Another possible cause of black water is carbon carbonate buildup on the heating element. If you have black water in the water heater, chances are one or both of these problems will be the culprit.
Instructions
1. Turn off the gas or electricity running to the water heater. This will mean locating the power source, whether it is the electrical breaker box or a gas valve, and discontinuing the flow.
2. Locate the water valve and turn off any water going to the heater.
3. Open the pressure valve on the top of the tank to break the vacuum.
4. Turn the drain on the water heater and let the standing water in the tank run into a floor drain or bucket. In some cases, you may need to attach a hose to the drain valve and allow the water to run through the hose into a drain or sink.
5. Unscrew the nut on the top of the tank. This piece secures the anode rod. Remove the nut and pull up on the rod to remove it. Examine the piece. Black water may be the result of the rod dissolving or buildup. If the rod appears covered in lime or broken down, replace the part. Clip on a new rod and insert it. Tighten the nut.
6. Pull off the cover near the bottom of the tank to access the heating element. Disconnect the wires leading to the element and remove the screws securing it in place. Pull the element out.
7. Examine the element for calcium carbonate buildup. If the element shows signs of wear or a film, replace the piece. Purchase a matching element. Attach the wires and secure the part with screws.
Tips Warnings
Let the water cool down before draining it. It may take 20 or 30 minutes.
